In 61 to 38 vote, the Senate approved legislation on Thursday that would make it a crime to injure or kill a fetus while a federal crime of violence is being committed.

Critics fear the bill, known as the Unborn Victims of Violence Act, defines the start of human life in a way that could undermine abortion rights.

Kate Michelman, president of NARAL Pro-Choice America, said, “Much of this is preparing for the day the Supreme Court has a majority that will overrule Roe v. Wade.”

Tony Perkins, president of the conservative Family Research Council, said once Bush signs the legislation “our nation will be one giant step closer to rebuilding a culture of life, where every child, born and unborn, is given the protections they so clearly deserve.”

The House has already passed the bill, which now goes to President who is expected to support its passage.