A new investigation by The Marshall Project finds hospitals across the U.S. are dispensing medications to patients in labor, only to report them to child welfare authorities when they or their newborns test positive for those very same substances on drug tests. Federal law requires hospitals to report positive drug tests to ensure babies who need it can receive treatment for withdrawal. But amid the increased criminalization of reproductive healthcare, health experts say hospitals need to put into place more patient safeguards around drug testing. Hospital reports based on the misleading drug tests have led to investigations and even the removal of children from their parents.