In Michigan, 15 Republicans who tried to falsely certify President Trump as the winner of the 2020 election in the state will no longer face trial, after a judge dismissed their criminal charges. District Court Judge Kristen D. Simmons said, “I believe they were executing their constitutional right to seek redress.” Simmons’s ruling cast the group as simply following orders from more senior leaders such as Rudy Giuliani and Kenneth Chesebro, who were not on trial. After the 2020 election, Republican activists in seven states tried to produce false Electoral College certificates claiming Trump had won in their state.