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Civil Rights Pioneer Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, 90, Dies

HeadlineAug 14, 2007

And the civil rights pioneer Irene Morgan Kirkaldy has died at the age of 90. More than a decade before Rosa Parks made headlines around the world, Irene Morgan challenged the nation’s Jim Crow laws by refusing to give up her seat on a Greyhound bus to a white couple. Her rebellion led to her arrest, and her case eventually went to the U.S. Supreme Court. Two years later in the case Morgan v. Virginia, the court sided with her and declared interstate bus segregation unconstitutional. Her case inspired the first formal “Freedom Ride.” In 1947 an interracial group led by civil rights leader Bayard Rustin traveled by bus and train from Washington, D.C., to Louisville, Ky., to challenge Southern states to implement the Supreme Court’s decision in the case.

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