In the Caspian region, a November 2020 ceasefire between Azerbaijan and Armenia has unraveled, as fresh fighting erupted over the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh. Armenia says 49 of its soldiers were killed in clashes along its border with Azerbaijan; meanwhile, Azerbaijan’s Foreign Ministry accused Armenia of shelling civilian infrastructure in a “large-scale provocation.” Forty-four days of fighting in 2020 drove thousands of ethnic Armenians from their homes in Nagorno-Karabakh and claimed the lives of about 7,000 people.